Also known as Jabal al-Qal’a, this national historical site located in centre of the gorgeous city of Amman houses these engaging dating back to the Neolithic period. The name of the location “Amman” derives itself from “Rabbath Ammon,” or “Great City of the Ammonites,” who occupied the region after 1200 BC. The citadel itself is a fascinating complex of large open spaces, columns and buildings tumbling over one another in a confusion of eras built over and over again over the debris of the years past. However, what are visible today are the remains of Roman, Byzantine or Umayyad eras which had been constructed over the earlier foundations of the eras that had been there earlier.
The most outstanding of it all is the Temple of Hercules which was built by Geminius Marcianus who was the governor of the Province of Arabia (AD 162-166). This outstanding monument is dedicated to the joint-emperors Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus who ruled during that time. As viewed from the front itself, the temple portico is framed by six 33-foot tall columns and gives the impression that the structure had never been completed. However, there is much evidence that this too have been constructed over a previously existing sanctuary of a bygone era.
This L-shaped hill is said to be one of the seven jabals that originally made up Amman. The north-east of the structure comprises of a church that has been built reusing the stones and pillars of the original structure during the fifth and sixth century. This site is also significant as it symbolizes the birth of the religions Judaism, Christianity and Islam. All in all, the Citadel of Amman is one of great significance, the very symbol of how nations and kingdoms have transcended one another over the passage of time, overtaking, overlapping and reshaping one another in return.
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